Шотландия - Рефераты по географии
1707 Act of Union with England.
1715, 1745 Failed Jacobites risings against Britain.
1945 First Scottish nationalist member of British Parliament was elected
Practical part:
1. Who in Scotland consider themselves of purer Celtic blood?
2. When was a new Scottish Parliament elected?
3. What was the Beaker civilization famous for?
4. Why was it so difficult to control the Highlands and islands?
5. To whom does Scotland owe its clan system?
6. Why did Edward I stole the Stone of Destiny?
7. What do the words written on Edward’s grave mean?
8. Can you explain the name of Scotland’s capital, Edinburgh?
9. What giant thing can Edinburgh Castle boast?
10. What did the Military Tattoo originally mean?
11. Who brought St. Giles’ Cathedral into great prominence?
12. What is the emblem of Scotland? Where can it be seen?
13. Why are the Royal Museum and the Museum of Scotland worth visiting?
14. Which museum in Scotland is the “noisiest” in the world? Why?
15. Why do they call Edinburgh “the Athens of the North”?
16. What is Edinburgh’s answer to London’s Oxford Street?
17. Where did the national Scottish dress come from?
18. Why was it so important to decorate wool differently?
19. What is the real origin of the bagpipe?
20. What does the motto of the Presbyterian Church mean?
Literature
1. “Discovering Britain” Pavlozky V. M., St Petersburg, 2000.
2. “Britain in brief” Oshepkova V. V., Shustilova I. I., Moscow, 1997.
3. “Across England to Scotland” Markova N. N., Moscow, 1971.
4. “Pages of Britain’s history” Kaufman K. I., Kaufman M. U., Obninsk,
1998.
5. “An illustrated history of Britain” McDowall D., Edinburgh, 1996.
6. “Robert Burns country” Swinglehurst E., Edinburgh, 1996.
7. “English for intermediate level” Part I, Moscow, 1995.
8. “Welcome to Edinburgh”, guide-book 1998/99.
[1] In Scottish “loch”means “lake”.
[2] Beaker civilization – prehistoric people thought to have been of Iberian origin, who spread out over Europe from the 3rd millennium BC. They were skilled in metalworking, and are identified by their use of distinctive earthenware drinking vessels with various design.
[3] “Highland Line” – the division between highland and lowland
[4] Everybody in the clan had the same family name, like MacDonald or MacGregor (mac means “son of”). The clan had its own territory and was ruled by a chieftain.
[5] so they called the Saxons (and still call the English)
[6] Act of Union – 1707 act of Parliament that brought about the union of England and Scotland
[7] Calton Hill – overlooks Central Edinburgh from the east.
[8] Arthur’s Seat – hill of volcanic origin to the east of the centre of Edinburgh. It forms the core of Holyrood Park and is a dominant landmark: Castlehill is the rock of volcanic origin on which Edinburgh Castle is situated.
